56 Theories and techniques of oral implantology

Gingiva Alveolar crest Bundle bone

Lamellated haversian bone

Fig. 3-5. The alveolar maxillary bone is generally less deep and its trabeculae are more irregularly arranged than mandibular teeth.

Fig. 3-6. When the tooth is not under pressure, the fiber bundles assume a relaxed wavy course, as shown in this periodontal ligament of a rat molar. (From Sicher, H., editor: Orban's oral histology and embryology, ed. 6, St. Louis, 1966, The C. V. Mosby Co.)

Fig. 3-7. The arrangement of the fiber bundles in a periodontal ligament helps keep occlusal force within normal physiologic limits. (From Sicher, H., editor: Orban's oral histology and embryology, ed. 6, St. Louis, 1966, The

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